Heating and relaxation of heavy ions in collisionless shock waves

A. M. Bykov, J. A. Kropotina
Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Politekhnicheskaya 26, Saint-Petersburg 194021, Russia

The postshock velocity distributions of heavy ions in collisionless shock waves are modelled numerically with the use of hybrid code. These distributions seem to stay non-maxwellian and have anisotropy (with the distinguished direction along the preshock magnetic field) at scales less than the Coulomb relaxation length. Applications of the model to astrophysical objects are discussed.

Russian abstract
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