The work is devoted to the research of molecular hydrogen clouds at early stages of evolution of the Universe and consists of five chapters. In the first chapter, an analysis of three HD/H₂ absorption systems in quasar spectra is presented. The second chapter is devoted to a method of determination of the amount of baryon matter in the Universe, based on measured ratio of HD to H₂ molecules. In the third chapter, the effect of broadening of the distribution of molecules over velocities at excited rotational levels of H₂ is considered. In the fourth chapter, the effect of partial coverage of of the broad absorption line region of the quasar Q1232+082 by a molecular cloud with z=2.3377 is presented. The fifth chapter is devoted to the model of chemical evolution of a molecular cloud HD/H₂.

Russian abstract

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