Variations of physical constants: observational constraints
S.A. Levshakov,1,2,3
D. Reimers,2 C. Henkel,4,5 B. Winkel,4 A. Mignano,6 M. Centurion,7 P. Molaro7,8
1Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Polytekhnicheskaya Str. 26, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
2Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029, Hamburg, Germany
3St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Prof. Popov Str. 5, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia
4Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121, Bonn, Germany
5Astronomy Department, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
6INAF — Istituto di Radio Astronomia, via P. Gobetti, 101, Bologna, Italy
7INAF — Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via Tiepolo 11, 34131, Trieste, Italy
8Centro de Astrofìsica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762, Porto, Portugal
The Einstein equivalence principle (local position invariance) is
validated by limiting the fractional changes in the electron-to-proton
mass ratio,
μ = me/mp. The most stringent limit on the fractional changes in μ
based on astronomical observations is reported: |Δ μ/μ| < 2 × 10−8
(3σ confidence level).
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