We present an analysis that shows how ultracold atoms in effectively one-dimensional traps thermalize, despite of the closeness of the system to the celebrated integrable Lieb-Liniger model. We discuss the relation between the integrability and the relaxation of practically important observables, such as phase correlation properties of ultracold Bose gases. We also show, why atoms in one dimension can be practically cooled to temperatures as low as 30 nK, although the standard mechanism of evaporative cooling should stop to work at such low temperatures, and demonstrate deeply quantum nature of the novel mechanism of cooling to ultralow temperatures.

Page created on May 20, 2014.